Barre and Montpelier grew significantly in the decades following the turn of the previous century. Barre's population peaked in 1930 and Montpelier's in 1960. Both have had declining population since.

Many parcels within the cities that have the most suitable terrain were developed long ago. The remaining significant parcels are largely in areas with more challenging - and expense - terrain on which to construct. Incentives could reduce cost and spur housing development.